Single disk shaft lock



Sept. 26, 1944- v s. T. SMITH 5INGLE DISK SHAFT LOCK Filed May 4, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheei 1 INVENTOR Sept. 26, 1944. s. '1. SMITH 2,359,009

SINGLE DISK SHAFT LOCK Filed May-4, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 26, 144o I s; s rr v 2,359,009

SINGLE DISK SHAFT LOCK Sept. 26, 1944. SMITH I 2,359,009

SINGLE msx SHAFT LOCK Filed May 4, 19412v 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Sept. 26, 1944. v s. T. 5mm 2,359,009

- INV BY 5/444) 1 Patented Sept. 26, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SINGLE DISK SHAFT LOCK Skardon T. Smith, Detroit, Mich. Application May 4,1942, Serial No. 441,667

Claims.

This invention relates to an improvement of my former locking device set forth in Patent No. 2,028,629, dated Jan. 21, 1936, and herein provides means for applying a single lock disk for locking connected shafting within a housing.

The object of my invention is to provide a locking unit for shafting, designed to prevent backward rotation whenever an opposing force is applied through the driven unit.

Another object is to provide a simple disk shaft connector capable of functioning freely when the rotating force is applied through the driving shaft unit, but will automatically lock within a fixed housing if any rotating force is applied thereto through the driven unit section.

A further object is to provide a locking unit that can be installed within any shaft line capable of adoption to a fixedly mounted support housing unit.

These several objects are attained in the preferred form by the construction and arrangement of parts more fully hereinafter set forth.

Similar parts on all drawings are marked by similar numerals or letters.

Fig. 1 is an elevation of the assembled unit, showing the housing and means for mounting same.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the housing taken on the line 2-2 of the Fig. 1, showing the general housing formation.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, except for the central shafting units, taken on the line 3-3 of the Fig. 2, showing the general arrangement of the operating parts.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional View taken on the line 4-4 of the Fig. 3 showing the relative position of the shaft contact units as applied.- to the internal lock disk.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate the detail construction of the driving shaft collar and lug.

Figs; 7 and 8 illustrate the detail construction of the driven shaft collar and lug.

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate forms of locking disks applicable to the shaft housing, and displacement spring recesses adaptable thereto.

Fig. 11 is a modified sectional view similar to Fig. 3, but illustrated with the driven section made tubular in form and rotatably mounted over the driving shaft section, and provided with attached gears for connecting therewith inside the housing chamber.

Fig. 12 is a cross-section taken on the line l2-l2 of the Fig. 11, showing the modified lug members within the lock disk recess, also illustrating displacement springs applied for centralizing the disks when otherwise unrestrained.

Fig. 13 is an exaggerated cross-sectional view as would be seen on the line 44 of the Fig. 3 showing the disk 8 and contacting operating lug k of the driven shaft I 0 when actually displacing the disk 8 to its locking position.

The general construction of my device, comprises a fixedly mounted shaft housing formed with a cylindrical chamber positioned concentric with the end shaft bearings, centrally therebetween, a locking disk rotatably mounted within the housing chamber and provided with means for operatively connecting same with separated shaft sections as may be mounted within the housing end bearings.

I will now describe more fully the detailed construction of my device, referring to the drawings and the marks thereon.

The housing A is preferably formed of a cylindrical brake ring I having turned cylindrical end bearing caps 2 and 3 rigidly mounted thereon by suitable stud bolts 4. The brake ring I is a turned cylindrical section, preferably with a hardened and ground inner brake surface a. Both end bearing caps 2 and 3 are likewise turned cylindrical sections, and are preferably provided with roller bearings 5, designed and positioned concentric with the housing chamber B. The bearing cap 3 is'formed with a flat end surface b positioned at right angles to the shaft axis, and is provided with suitable anchor bolt holes I for securely attaching the housing A to any suitable support C. Within the housing brake ring I is fitted a semi-cylindrical locking disk 8 of a diameter slightly smaller than the receiving ring surface a, allowing a slight edgewise displacement therein transversely of the shaft axis. The lower edge 0 of the lock disk 8 is cut away along an arc less than a semi-circle, forming opposing contact points it on opposite disk edges, designed and positioned to contact the brake ring surface a at a pre-determined locking angle Whenever said lock disk is so displaced within the housing chamber by an excentrally applied force. A driving shaft 9 is rotatably mounted through the end bearing cap 2, and'a driven shaft l0 likewise is rotatably mounted through the opposite end bearing cap 3, as illustrated in the Fig. 3 of the drawings. Each shaft section 9 and I0 is provided with a collar section e and 1 respectively, for retaining the shafts in position within the housing chamber. The driving shaft collar e is provided with an elongated beveled lug g across its inner face, designed to fit and engage the edge h of the disk recess D, for retaining the locking disk 8 in a a free turning position concentric with the inwithin the chamber and securely locking same.

with the brake ring walls whenever a counterturning force is applied thereto through thedriven shaft H1. The disk recess D providesa rigid yoke for securely clamping the adjoining lugs g and Tc together, uniting the shaft sections for continuous rotation whenever the lock disk 8 is free to.

rotate within the housing. If desired, a-stressed displacement spring may be-inserted in either side disk recess, It or H, for retaining thelock disk' 8 .under a predetermined pressure in its centralized, or looking position, when otherwise unrestrained, thus controlling the disk operation for moderately light resisting forces.

It .can readily be seen that any turning force that, is applied to the lock disk 8 through the drivingshaft section 9 will centralize the disk Within: the housing chamber and retain same-in its "free turning positiontherein allowing both disk and connectedshaft H) to rotate freely within'the housing A. However, if any opposing force beapplied to the disk 8 through the driven shaft I0, the lock disk 8 will be automatically displaced transversely of the shaft axis within the housing chamber, rigidly looking with the chamber walls a and stop all further shaft rotations. The Weakenedsections :t of the lock disk 8 as formed by the elongated-disk recess D, provides ample means for slight disk distortion when placed under an excessive overload, allowing a disk slip a e to prevent breakage of the units when so overloaded.

The Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate a modified form of the same device, showing the driving shaft 9a i extended through both, housing bearings, and the driven: unit Illa formed of a tubular section geared at one end, and rotatably mounted over.

the driving section within the housing chamber B. The driven geared unit Ina is provided with an externalconnecting idler gear rotatably mounted within the housing walls, showing one means .of connecting the operating mechanism with anexternal driven unit. The shaft sections- 9a and, ma are provided, with operating sections ga andka respectively and engage the lock disk recess walls h and m as in the former case. The

application and operation are exactly the same as in theformer case;

Having. fully described my single disk shaft look, what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Adisk shaft lock for preventing backward rotation ofa connected driven section, c0mpris ing 'a rigidly mounted housing formed with, a centrally positioned cylindrical chamber provided with connected shaft bearings through opposite ends thereof positioned concentric with the cylindrical ohousing'chamber axis, a driving shaft with a central parallel wall recess rotatably mounted within the housing chamber capable of looking with thechamber walls by forcible displacement transversely of the shaft axis, said disk recess being designed and positioned to fit over and engage both driving and driven operating lugs in a manner to be displaced thereby to release or look said disk with the chamber walls when a rotating force is applied thereto through the respective corresponding operating lugs.

2. A diskshaft lock adapted for preventing backward rotation of a connected driven section, comprising a rigidly mounted housing formed with a centrally positioned cylindrical chamber provided with connected shaft bearings through opposite ends thereof positioned concentric with the chamber axis, a driving shaft rotatably mounted within one housing bearing and a driven section rotatably mounted within the opposite end bearing, each shaft formed with projected operating lugs on the inner end thereofpositioned within the chamber recess, oppositely disposed toeach other, a lock disk designed to lock: with the chamber walls when forcibly displaced,

therein transversely of the shaft axis, rotatably mounted within the housing chamber, said lock diskr being formed with a central recess having oppositely parallel sides designed and positioned to fit over and engage said operating lugs, to be ;displaced thereby for releasing or, lockingsaid disk with the chamber walls as a rotating forceris, applied thereto through the respective corresponding: operating lugs.

3. A disk shaft lock adapted for preventing backward rotation of a'connectcd shaft section,

comprising a rigidly 'mounted housing, section formedwith a central cylindrical chamber provided with connected shaft bearings through opposite ends thereof positioned concentric with;the chamber axis, a driving shaft and a driven-shaft rotatably mounted within opposite housing end bearings, each' shaft inner end being formed with l a projected triangular shaped operating lug designed with one outer flattened surface parallel to the shaft axis, each projectedwithin the chamber recess and overlapping each other, a lock disk formed with one receded edge designed to engage the chamber walls at a locking angle, also formed with a parallel walled central recess, and rotatably mounted within the housing chamber capable of, locking therewith when forcibly, displaced transversely of the shaft axis, said lock disk central recess being designed and positioned to fit over and engage both of saidtriangular operating lugs along their opposite parallel sides capable of sidewise displacement thereby transversely of the shaft axis when pressure is-applied to said disk recess through either ofthe shaft sections for respectively releasing or locking'said lock disk with thehousing chamber walls.

4.--A single disk shaft lockiadaptedfor preventing backward rotation of a connected driven section,,comprising a rigidlymounted, housing section formed with a centrally positioned chain.-

ber provided with connected shaft bearings lead! ing through oppositeendsthereof concentric with the'chamber axis, a drivingshaft section and a1,

7 driven section rotatably mounted thereon'iall rosection and a; driven section, each formed with projected end operating lugs rotatably mounted within thehousingand bearings and positioned with their respectivelugs adjacent each other within; thehousing chamber, alock disk formed mounted, within the housingchamber; said. mdisk tatably mounted within thehousingbearings, said driving andv driven sections being provided with projected operating lugs positioned within th chamber and parallel to the axisand overlapping being designed to engage the chamber walls at a locking angle and lock therewith when under pressure applied transversely of the shaft axis, also said central recess being designed and positioned to fit over and ngage both sets of operating lugs in a manner capable of a sidewise displacement thereby transversely of the shaft axis from applied pressure through either the driving or driven operating lugs, for respectively releasing or locking said lock disk with the housing chamber walls.

5. A disk shaft lock for preventing backward rotation of a connected driven section, comprising a rigidly mounted housing formed with a central cylindrical chamber provided with connected shaft bearings through opposite ends thereof positioned concentric with the chamber axis, a driving shaft section and a driven section each formed with projected operating lugs rotatably mounted within the housing bearings positioned with their respective lugs adjacent each other within the housing chamber, a lock disk formed with a parallel wall central recess rotatably mounted Within the housing chamber capable of looking with the chamber walls by displacement under pressure applied transversely of the shaft axis, said disk central recess being designed and positioned to fit over and engage both driving and driven operating lugs in a manner tobe displaced thereby to release or look said disk with the chamber recess walls when a rotating force is applied thereto through the respective corresponding operating lugs, and spring means mounted between said lock disk and one operating lug for retaining said disk under pressure in a predetermined position within the housing chamber when otherwise unrestrained.

SKARDON T. SMITH. 

